Introduction to Genetics and Epigenetics My understanding of epigenetics is directly linked to my understanding of how basic genetics itself works. Cells, which are popularly known as the “building blocks of life” or the “smallest unit of life,” are like little workers in every human...
The BBC article “Gene editing wipes out mosquitoes in the lab” discusses work using a gene editing technique to suppress populations of caged mosquitoes Anopheles gambiae, which transmits malaria. In 2016 were 216 million cases of malaria in 91 countries and 445000 people were killed...
CRISPR/Cas9 is a method of gene editing that relies on an endonuclease and eukaryotic DNA repair mechanisms. Shorthand for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats1, CRISPR originally existed as a natural immunity of bacteria against viral infection. Since the discovery of CRISPR researchers have been...
Psoriasis is a chronic, complex, inflammatory, autoimmune condition that causes the rapid build-up of skin cells (epidermal keratinocytes). It affects 2-3% of the population, and the involvement frequently occurs in 5-10% of the patients. Factors such as genetic and environment contribute to the risk of...
Becoming a scientist has always been a dream of mine from the day I was first introduced to the captivating concepts of science and medicine in particular. The mental ability to approach a problem with the right amalgam of logic and reasoning has supported me...
Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder. It can make the body not be able to clot blood normally, and have excessive bleeding after an injury. There is not enough clotting factor in their blood. Clotting factor is a protein in blood that controls bleeding. People with...
Introduction In the early years of scientific investigations in the field of heredity, the methods used to obtain data were considered genetical but once the physical basis of genetic conditions were recognized several studies were performed using methods of both cytology and genetics, using the...
Introduction to Fluorescence In-Situ Hybridization (FISH) Fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) is a molecular diagnostic technique that allows visualization of specific chromosome nucleic acid sequences within a cellular preparation. It involves the precise annealing of a fluorescence-labeled DNA probe to complementary targeted sequences. Thus, the genes...
Introduction Heredity is the transmission of genetic characteristics from ancestor to descendant through the genes. As a subject, it is tied closely to genetics, the area of biological study concerned with hereditary traits. The study of heritable traits helps scientists discern which are dominant and...
Secondary metabolites (SM) are low molecular weight organic compounds which produce from some of the primary metabolic biosynthetic pathways and interconnected with primary metabolite to gain the necessary amount of energy, carbon, and nitrogen. Secondary metabolites are not essential for growth and produced after growth...
A monogenic disease is a condition determined by the interaction of a single pair of genes. Compared to the other, polygenic condition wherein several genes (polygene) are involved. The monogenic disease is less common than the polygenic disease. It is also less complicated than the...
Phytoestrogens are a group of heterogeneous herbal substances; they are called non-steroidal estrogens or estrogen-like molecules, as their structure is comparable to 17-β-estradiol structure, phytoestrogens are diphonelic compounds however they are non-steroidal substance despite their structural resemblance with estradiol, Presently phytoestrogens group contains more than...
Phenotypic plasticity (PP) is the ability of an organism with the same genotype to produce a range of phenotypes in response to varying environments. PP results from the interaction of the gene with the environmental cues, so under PP concept, nature and nurture cannot be...
Genetics is the most interesting part of science because it explains how certain traits are passed down by parents to their offspring. Gregor Mendel is considered the pioneer in explaining this theory of the genetics within generations of offspring. Mendel’s studies would shape the way...
In 2017, the World Health Organization compiled a list of “priority pathogens”, this list included 12 antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Acinetobacter baumannii made the slot for “priority one pathogen for antibiotic research and development. ” A. baumannii infects patients in critical care units, demonstrates multi-drug-resistance and can...
Introduction to Fragile X Syndrome Made-to-order essay as fast as you need it Each essay is customized to cater to your unique preferences + experts online Get my essay Fragile X syndrome is the most common genetically-inherited form of mental retardation currently known. In addition...
Researchers from Stanford University School of Medicine and the Palo Alto Veteran Affairs Health Care System have established a section of genetic mutations which govern cholesterol levels in the body and may also guide the development and use of cardiovascular and diabetes drugs. This data...
Introduction In regard to differences between the genders, it is known that men tend to display more boisterous, aggressive, dominating tendencies compared to women who display more caring, nurturing, and affectionate roles. Studies have shown that males are three times more likely to have the...
Gene-environment interaction is when two different genotypes respond to environmental variation in different ways. A norm of reaction is a graph that shows the relationship between genes and environmental factors when phenotypic differences are continuous. They can help illustrate GxE interactions. When the norm of...
900 criminals in Finland were used in a genetic analysis research and this showed that two genes were associated with violent behaviour. However, one cannot use these two genes to view criminals, as there are many more genes that play an important role in violent...
Introduction to Gene Therapy Gene therapy was first discovered in the mid-1970s when researchers were able to isolate certain types of genes from DNA. The term “gene therapy” emerged in the 1980s and further propelled research in the field. When we are born, each individual...
Homosexuality known as a sexual desire and attraction to individuals of one’s possess sex. The term gay is regularly utilized as an equivalent word for gay person; female homosexuality is frequently called as lesbianism. The geneticists had found that genetic factors may influence the homosexuality...
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is often considered the “Gold Standard” for molecular diagnostics. It is a specific, sensitive, powerful tool that amplifies a minute sample of genetic material, either in the form of DNA or RNA, in a short period of time. It mimics DNA...
A genetic disorder is a relatively rare genetic problem caused by one or more defects in an individual’s DNA. The size and severity of these abnormalities can vary, ranging from a point mutation changing a single base in one gene to entire chromosomes being affected....
This article questions if criminals have the power and knowledge to make better choices when committing a crime or are poor decisions made because of their genes. Our genes may play bigger factors than we originally thought according to recent studies. Made-to-order essay as fast...
The history of paternity and maternity traces back to the 1800’s when they used the child’s iris pigment to identify the biological parents. The paternity or maternity quality was questioned when the child looked significantly different from the “alleged” biological parents. At that time very...
In the rapidly advancing field of genetics, cloning has transitioned from the realm of science fiction to an established scientific process. Despite the controversies surrounding it, cloning is now more widely used than ever, and its potential benefits to humanity are becoming clearer. Although many...
The question on every scientists mind today: Should CRISPR be used to enhance the genes of our progeny, who would then pass it on to the generations that follow? Examining cases where this has caused agitation during several debates, it is quite clear that gene...
Biochemistry or biological chemistry involves the study of components & composition of living things along with the chemical processes. Biochemistry has been a key to our growing understanding of a myriad of health issues; from arteriosclerosis to cancer to diabetes. The tools of biochemists have...
Genes determine how are our bodies are made up so they can also be the reason why criminals do such violent crimes. Scientists have been contemplating this and even though it has been said that our life experiences only contribute to about half of the...
