Essays on DNA

It is joining together of DNA molecules from two different species that are inserted into a host organism to produce new genetic combinations that are of value to science, medicine, agriculture, and industry. Since the focus of all genetics is the gene, the fundamental goal...

DNA replication is a multi-step process that is essential to cell division. If DNA is replicated incompletely or incorrectly, then dysfunctional proteins will be produced. Proteins that are dysfunctional or incomplete are undeniable symptoms of DNA mutations and causes of diseases and terminal cancers. As...

The dawn of cancer genomics has heralded an unprecedented era of precision medicine, allowing the identification of genome-wide somatic driver alterations that can be used for early cancer diagnosis, prognosis, stratification to optimum therapies and monitoring of developing resistance, as well as predicting which patients...

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has affected millions of people worldwide, more especially in sub-Saharan Africa. The number of infections that occurred in infants in 2014 was estimated at 220, 000. Out of this, approximately ninety mine percent of the infections in infants are acquired...

Wow, aren’t genealogies exciting?? I’ll be honest, I’ve been a little worried about reading this out loud in front of everyone. But if you’re like me, you might be wondering – Why in the world would Matthew’s Gospel – the first book in the New...

Abstract DNA can be transferred by touch. This touch DNA is used to gain information to help with criminal investigations, disaster victim identification or eve missing persons (Sankhla and Kumar, 2017). The significance value of DNA profiling had increased in forensic investigations over time and...

Human genome contains all the information necessary to maintain and continue the life, and two basic processes are most important for that. One is a transcription of genetic information which leads to synthesis of proteins and another one is a replication and maintenance of the...

Alternations of chromosome number or structural changes of chromosomes appear quite often in hybrids. Those changes can result in genetic diversity or can even drive to new species formation. Chromosome aberrations can be triggered as a result of physical factors (such as: radiation, temperature), chemical...

Many chemical agents have a property of causing damage to the DNA which may lead to cancer are called as genotoxins and this property of such chemical agents is called as genotoxicity. Genotoxicity is generally confused with mutagenicity but they show a few differences in...

Rosalind Franklin was born in a wealthy Jewish family in London, England. Franklin’sfather, Ellis Franklin, was a professor of electromagnetics and World War I history at Working Men’s College and later became a president of the school. Her Father’s first name is also hermiddle name....

DNA are molecules in the chromosomes that contain your genetic information. Every human has a different set of DNA. The first person to study DNA was the Swiss chemist, Johann Friedrich Miescher, in the 1860s. Some of the famous pioneers who contributed to the study...

Brief Introduction In modern society, when people are enjoying the convenience brought by powerful technology and science, they also hope to keep this status forever. This, without doubt, leads us to the word: immortality. In order to learn this term, it is easy to start...

With each passing minute, the world population increases by hundreds, and to support the ever-increasing population, food is required. To cope up with this food demand, various methods are being devised since decades. A recent one under discussion is ‘Gene Editing’. This method, unlike any...

The cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis is regarded as a reasonable explanation for the rapid multiplication of cells in the disease. They are self-sufficient cells which seem to have increase tumorigenicity and self-renewal, which allow them to expand more rapidly than normal cells. While the...

Future of chronological age estimation in Forensics*Anjali Abstract DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism which plays a vital role in the control and regulation of gene expression. In the past few years DNA Methylation was widely investigated in Medical field to understand complex diseases, but...

Kibera is the largest informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya and one of the largest in Africa and the world. It is is located 7km southwest of Nairobi and houses approximately one million people and several animal species. Conditions in Kibera are extremely poor and heavily...

Introduction For the past two decades, personal technology has made incredible advancement, bringing us into a fast paced, digital world that we live in today. In the 1980s we had supercomputers that took up the space of a whole room and today we all have...

The case investigation of the remains of a burned body began when a janitor noticed the remains at the bottom of a dumpster while going to throw out the trash in Vancouver, British Columbia. There were many problems encountered in this case investigation. Firstly, it...

Electrochemical Detection Most of The tumors have markers in blood and serum which can be monitored [65,66]. An electrochemical immunosensor is special device applied for tracking of some diseases, in which a sandwich immunoreaction is commonly applied on an electrode surface (see Figure 6), such...

Introduction Man by nature is a fighting animal, hence to think of a crimeless society is a myth. Truly speaking, there is no society without the problem of crime and criminals. The existence of crime is established from the time of Adam. The Bible and...

Abstract Poaching of wildlife for local consumption and commercial purposes is a major threat to the loss of world’s biodiversity which has even resulted to the extirpation of the numerous species at local or regional scale. Law enforcement agencies have been working in the implementation...

Abstract The starter could be a little piece of RNA else DNA (to the most part as for 18-22 edges) which are a place to start the DNA amalgamation. It is utilized to make duplicates if DNA in light of the fact that the opsin...

Technology is being developed rapidly. Because of that in an every second world produce millions of gigabytes on data, which are stored in huge data centers all over the world. IoT, Internet Of Things revolution will multiply this amount by thousands of time. So where...

Advances in technology have a great influence on scientific thinking about evolutionary relationships. Technology advancements allowed more updated and accurate tests to be done so difference can be distinguished between species. Fossil records, comparative anatomy and pattern of embryonic development where the main rescores used...

Inside a tumor, cells are constantly growing, multiplying and dying. When cancer cells die, they leave behind clues that are transforming scientists understanding of the disease. Dying cancer cells breakup into microscopic bubbles which can contain all sorts of molecules including chunks of the cells’...

There is little understood about the frequency of mutations caused by plant transformation and the potential biosafety hazards they pose on crop species. Plant transformation is often used for breeding of commercial crop by inserting transgenes into plant chromosomal DNA. However, the transgene insertion is...

Isolation of DNA is a very important technique which is the foundation for many types of techniques such as the diagnosis of many genetic diseases as well as fingerprinting DNA. How much amount and purity required, the DNA type is what makes the difference for...

Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl are famous for their DNA replication experiment. Meselson and Stahl conducted the experiment which supported the hypothesis made by Watson and Crick that DNA replicates. The purpose of the experiment was to provide an explanation for James Watson and Francis...

Ubiquitination, a proteasomal degradation process, is based on covalent attachment of ubiquitin to a substrate lysine on a target protein, marking the protein for its degradation. This process renews intracellular proteins balancing the rate of degradation with the rate of protein synthesis, resulting in homeostasis....

Beyond The Central Dogma Genetic Science Learning Center The principal dogma of molecular biology explains that DNA codes for RNA, which codes for proteins. Within the crucial Dogma, you can find out about the vital roles of messenger RNA, switch RNA and ribosomal RNA within...