Essays on Sexism

Sexism is prejudice or discrimination based on one's sex or gender.

Domestic violence, gendercide and forced sterilization, female genital mutilation, sexual assault and treatment of victims, war rape, reproductive rights, child and forced marriage, education inequality, conscription, legal justice and regulations, etc.

The 6 main types of sexism include: hostile sexism, benevolent sexism, ambivalent sexism, institutional sexism, interpersonal sexism, internalized sexism.

104 countries make certain jobs off-limits for women.
Women complete more work on average, but they are assigned 55% of all work.
Divorce has a greater negative effect on women financially than it does on men.
Men save more money than women.
Women are less likely to seek promotion than men.

1. Drury, B. J., & Kaiser, C. R. (2014). Allies against sexism: The role of men in confronting sexism. Journal of social issues, 70(4), 637-652. (https://spssi.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/josi.12083)
2. Leaper, C., & Brown, C. S. (2014). Sexism in schools. Advances in child development and behavior, 47, 189-223. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0065240714000020)
3. Campbell, B., Schellenberg, E. G., & Senn, C. Y. (1997). Evaluating measures of contemporary sexism. Psychology of women quarterly, 21(1), 89-102. (https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1997.tb00102.x?journalCode=pwqa)
4. Ahmed, S. (2015). Introduction: Sexism-A problem with a name. new formations: a journal of culture/theory/politics, 86(1), 5-13. (https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/248/article/604486/summary)
5. Phelps, E. S. (1972). The statistical theory of racism and sexism. The american economic review, 62(4), 659-661. (https://www.jstor.org/stable/1806107)
6. Stainback, K., Ratliff, T. N., & Roscigno, V. J. (2011). The context of workplace sex discrimination: Sex composition, workplace culture and relative power. Social Forces, 89(4), 1165-1188. (https://academic.oup.com/sf/article-abstract/89/4/1165/2235478)
7. Stamarski, C. S., & Son Hing, L. S. (2015). Gender inequalities in the workplace: the effects of organizational structures, processes, practices, and decision makers’ sexism. Frontiers in psychology, 6, 1400. (https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01400/full)
8. Donohue III, J. J. (1989). Prohibiting sex discrimination in the workplace: An economic perspective. U. Chi. L. Rev., 56, 1337. (https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/uclr56&div=47&id=&page=)
9. Pacilli, M. G., Spaccatini, F., Giovannelli, I., Centrone, D., & Roccato, M. (2019). System justification moderates the relation between hostile (but not benevolent) sexism in the workplace and state anxiety: An experimental study. The Journal of social psychology, 159(4), 474-481. (https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00224545.2018.1503993)
10. Jeffrey, H. L., Beswick, E., & Meade, J. (2015). Learning and unlearning sexism in the workplace: Two important barriers prevent a more inclusive environment. Human Resource Management International Digest, 23(5), 18-20. (https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/HRMID-05-2015-0086/full/html)